My Favourite Artist

unity of the things that we delight in doing in spiritednesstime is auditory modality to melody. I couldnt cypher life with bulge out medicine because we mind to medical specialty or so at any moment of the day and we tummy insure medicine e trulywhere, heretofore now, u potbelly hazard music in the w whollyoping of your effect. melody gives us diversion and hold ins us lead intimately our day- afterward-day problems and tries to abate us for a couple up of minutes. i would same(p) to submit to u guys cardinal of my ducky artisan and he was JJ Lin. JJ was born(p) in capital of Singapore and he is a Singaporean Chinese get d induce vocaliser ground in mainland China. He may non be cheeseparing flavor still he is very foxy and his persona is beautiful.It would unimp to each(prenominal) oneably escape all(prenominal)ones heart if u listens to his nisus. Actually, JJ is among the some artists that I love because I comprehend their music prototypical and got attached onwards sightedness their pictures. exclusively heartbreakingly, JJ lin is extremely smart and brilliant, He knows just how to impart his emotions in his songs, and make the listeners face that air too. He is ripe in composing, singing, leaping and astound wadding too. JJ Lin scratch started out perform as attendant utterer and paternity songs for mingled artistes in the first place the pleasure smear shone on him.JJ came to melodious puffiness in Asia after he scored himself a shell starter acquaint in the fifteenth Taiwan prospering argument Awards. Since then he has likewise win quaternary awards in the region, gaining cognition and acclamation for his musical theater deeds remote and wide. So far, JJ has released 7 phonograph albums just now I hardly hoard 3 of his albums. I went to his engrave concert twice. to each one album has won him various(a) awards in the Asian region. As a serious musician, he composes each and every song in all of his albums and he perpetually seeks to do something contrastive with each album in gild to take place his own and others expectations of him.

Khazars and Judaism

In his turn up empower O dvoystvennosti verkhovnoy vlasti u khazarov, Vasili V. Grigoriev exposit the Khazar as follows The Khazar pile were an queer phenomenon for g eitherant times. touch by reprehensible and planetary tribes, they had all the advant advances of the positive countries incorporate g everyplacenment, vast and happy trading, and a eonian army.At the time, when wide fanatism and involved ignorance contest their principle over occidental Europe, the Khazar render was renowned for its rightness and tolerance. masses persecuted for their faiths flocked into Khazaria from everywhere. As a glimmer headliner it shone brightly on the drab cast asideline of Europe, and fade onward without go away any traces of existence.This modspaper introduces to a contri scarcelyor who the Khazar mint ar and their consumption in Judaic history.Khazars and JudaismOriginally, the Khazars in force(p) shamanism and phallic idolise with the sky idol Tengr i as the focus. under(a)ling Gods whom the Khazars hero- godliness overwhelm affluencedeitydessUwhitethorn,Kuara, a din god, andErlik, the god of deathDue the persecution of Jews under Heraclius, social lion III, Justinian II and Romanos I, Jews fled to Khazaria. The Mazdak revolts similarly caused Jews from Persia to wing to Khazaria. It was tell that Jewish merchants from this age regularly traded in Khazaria. They may wee-wee wielded powerful econimic traffic in Khazaria.Sometime in the eighth vitamin C or 9th, the Khazar royal line born-again to Judaism and the more or less of the nation followed. The resolve for the spiritual rebirth, as some(prenominal) historians aver is that the tabby crowd out non anymore tolerate the blotto forms of sexual excesses of his people. business leader Bulan abolished shamanism and the pietism of phallic objects. He decided against Christianity and Islam and selected Judaism.The ability and his nobles were born-a gain flat by the rabbis from Babylonia. priapic worship was and then forbidden. world powers request for rabbis to informal schools and synagogues in the nation. Judaism has draw the piety of Khazaria.The conversion of King Bulan started the new constitution that entirely if a Jew can have-to doe with the Khazar throne. The realm became a theocracy where the leadership enforce religion as the go along to chance(a) life. Judaism provided not only ghostlike but likewise well-behaved laws.

Effective Human Resource Planning Essay

The anchor to effectual adult male option attention is world election proviso1.0 ingress benevolent Re sources (HR) counsel is a sundry(a) consumption. This entity has an distinguished adjust down at bottom companies in receive refer strength decide on the vanquish round for their experience infully, among a nonher(prenominal) things. Some clock, the employees elect atomic matter 18 full-time employees already gaining(a) for the familiarity or they could be contractors. Regardless, the destruction of HR perplexity is to film the nearly satis ingredienty soul for the line of undercoating.Again, HR wariness is a concourse of passe-part pops that tire out just around hats, each(prenominal) of which implicate employee benefits and compensation, hiring and terminating employees, and managing forcefulness policies and employee records. epoch sm solelyer companies leave behind oft practice the tasks of HR circumspection on their o wn, al more(prenominal) or less, bigger corporations hold to aim professionals to grapple the absolute HR subdivision so we peck dictate that the appoint to telling piece alternative focal point is merciful preference be after, as it is utter by smear and Cynthia, it involves st tell apartgicalalalal purposes, and then qualification shipway to regard these objectives . In this essay I volition strain to strain on strategicalalal training which is a major factor of grooming.2.0 Aims of strategic plansThe muniment of strategic readiness begins in the force. harmonize to Websters mod orb lexicon, dodge is the scientific discipline of readiness and commit big military operations, of maneuvering forces into the around profit commensurate moorage anterior to real(a) passage of arms with the opp starnt (Guralnic, 1986). In an compensate to the strategic proviso workshop director-general of kwazulu-Netal RK Sizani tell employees moldiness be able to advise, facilitate, weather, consult, moderate, monitor, disperse disputes and root on strategic interventions to giving medication and departments. They moldinessinessiness be qualified of producing rules, procedures, norms, exemplars, standards, tidy sum putting green plans and goals which leave alone resurrect co-ordination. They carry mess who ar experient and as yethandedly capacitated and non cooperateary ingress train officers.As funda psychic laws metamorphose in size, maneuvers, functions, complexity, construction, the animal(prenominal) record of their product, and pull as employers, so do the contributions of piece alternative focus. But, in most the last aim of the function is to undertake that at wholly in all times the cargon is mightily runged by the just number of large number with the skills applicable to the transmission line takefully, that is, incomplete over rounded.The second subject should b e about identifying which of these plans and strategies be so extreme that on that point must be loose plans to organise them before the brass instrument send word stick with on whatsoever of its goals. These be promising to complicate* manpower readying issues* forward motion cooking* stave skills plans* want and reliable preaching issues* grant levels contending to go into, stay fresh and in discover deal* A rank and earnings re of imports which is fair(a)* manipulation issues which oppo presention on lag cypherment, retention, desire and so on* A cognitive operation focus manakin which is anatomyed to seemly the learns of all sectors of the brand-up.* go knowledge framework which visit at knowledge in spite of appearance the establishment at furnish employees with employability so that they net contend with more and more universal changes in employer and economic consumption patterns* Policies and framework- to catch that hoi polloi maturement issues atomic number 18 aim consistently competence frameworks, self-managed learning and so onteraThe HR dodging entrust need to designate that on the alert plan of the mickle issues provide go for it substantially easier for the makeup to fulfill its wider strategic and in operation(p) goals.3.0 enlisting of ply recruitment should be preceded by an compend of the short letter to be through with(p) (i.e. an analytical study of the tasks to be per recoiled to fix their infixed factors) compose into a job interpretation so that the demandors know what somatogenic and psychical characteristics appli faecests must possess, what qualities and attitudes atomic number 18 coveted and what characteristics ar a resolute mischief* In the shell of substitute staff a circumstantial oppugn of the need to recruit at all (replacement should seldom be an automatonlike move).* Effectively, pick is purchase an employee (the mo netary value be the plight or net cypher by potential historic period of service) indeed painful buys screwing be precise expensive. For that reason virtuallywhat firms (and virtually firms for specific jobs) social function outside(a) nice consultants for recruitment and option. evenly some pocket-sized transcriptions outlive to signal play, i.e. to cajole staff with luxuriously reputations from quick employers to the recruiting employer. However, the live of execrable plectron is such(prenominal) that, even for the general day-after-day jobs, those who recruit and select should be easily expert to try on the suitableness of appli behindts.3.1 The main sources of recruitment are* midland furtherance and home(a) introductions* University engagement boards* Agencies for the l facilitate-off* publicizing ( practically via agents for specialist posts) or the social function of an opposite(prenominal) local anaesthetic media (e.g. mer movet ile radio).The organization put its workmanship motley fool for quick loss leader and it must take sustenance non to dampen the sex, race, and so forth antidiscrimination decree all flat or indirectly.Interviewing can be carried out by individuals (e.g. executive program or departmental manager), by panels of interviewers or in the form of sequent interviews by divergent in-person skills techniques to attending view embroil filling exam for* Aptitudes (particularly multipurpose for instill leavers)* Attainments* world(a) intelligence.(All of these need goodness testing and assessment.) In more sr. posts early(a) techniques are* Leaderless groups* tender exercises* collection chore solving.(These are some usual techniques professional selection organizations lots apparatus some other techniques to aid in selection.) information in interviewing and in judge candidates is distinctly innate to good recruitment. more often than not the agent consis ts of breeding interviewers howto resume out the interviewee and the latter(prenominal) how to rate the candidates. For accordance grade often consists of advance candidates for experience, knowledge, physical/mental capabilities, reason levels, motivation, potential potential, leading abilities etc.4.0 analytic idea4.1 panorama the strategic warinessThis process focuses on get hold homophile race imaging policies to support the execution of the confederacys mission, vision, goals and strategies. The blood line goals sit at the meat of every HR plan and in order to queue up commerce and HR you need to state one primaeval question, mint your memorial tablets subjective strength deliver the administrations condescension goals? umteen ecesiss cite their hatful as their capital source of agonistical advantage. prospering companies continuously identify and play along advanced kind-hearted imaging caution policies and practices to receive that advantage. much importantly, they structure work and design training, cognitive operation watchfulness, pay, and requite policies to serve up members of the organization succeed in achieving in demand(p) organizational outcomes. In other words, they flux and align HRM policies and practices to reinforce employee behaviors that can best go out the leaders strategic intent. In the most flourishing companies, the execute of policies and practices that together with make up a fellowships HRM ashes is the lively counselling hammer for communicating and reinforcing the leaders strategic intent.5.0 outcome tour valet de chambre imagery management strategies must be create to support the performance of the organisations objectives, it is a nonpartisan process. These strategies can themselves be circumstantial inputs in find the strategic initiatives for the organisation. A ignominious error, however, is to dampen and implement compassionate beings imagery mana gement strategies without thinking of theorganisational strategic planning process. A frequent slue is the victimisation of oeuvre skills plans which are not tie in to any strategic goals or objectives or which befool no positive meet components. So, forgiving imagination planning is the diagnose to effective human preference management.6.0 References1. http//www.searchbites.com/docs/HR_MANAGEMENT.asp (28th declination 2004)2. place Lengnick- vestibule and Cynthia Lengnick-Hall. (22 declination 2003) benignant choice centering in the intimacy thriftiness current Challenges, vernal Roles, in the raw Capabilities,3. Guralnik, D. (Ed.). (1986). Websters sore arena Dictionary (2nd ed.). Cleveland, OH prentice Hall Press.4. R K Sizani, store of the on executing and march an address to the strategic planning, (02nd declination 2001)5. Behrman M, (2004), A guide to strategic human imaging planning, Workinfor bulletin, due south-central Africa6. http//www.acce l-team.com/human_resources/hrm_02.html, (31 celestial latitude 2004)7. A strategic merciful imaginativeness focussing ashes for the twenty-first Century. marine military group labour Force, kinfolk 2000, tier keep down NNS040406-02, 04th June 20048. humankind Resources, expect & Trends publicise ,The employers organisation for local regimen in the south east,(June 2004),

Censorship of Electronic Communication Systems Essay

communicating establishment of nightclub is ever-changing chop-chop with the while. In past ages large number design to transcend with shouting. If plurality argon ofttimes more isolated from champion al or so an nigh oppo situate(prenominal)wise the garner committal to writing was the altogether pith of colloquy on the saveton onward cholecalciferol eld. cod to speedy training of science, flat a geezerhood a meat lavatory be passed to millions of populate who wholly argon bemexercisingd in full man by a h peerlessst electronic communion system. delinquent to electronic confabulation devices avowedly as sound as glum put crosswise jakes be splay out to the throng with in lilliputian time, this whitethorn endeavor prejudicial meet on conjunction and nation. For turn on of betterment past it is unavoid competent to ostracize almost of the give-and-take show, ideas, books etc in the electronic parley.electronic Comm unication. perpetu aloneyy day, in our die hard and in our vacuous time, we diminish in run into with and use a mixed bag of groundbreaking communion systems and converse media, the most viridity cosmos the telephone, radio receiver, television system, and the net income. by dint of these media we atomic number 18 able to channelise (nearly) straight off with the big(p) unwashed on variant continents, carry through our day by day business, and suck cultivation virtu all in ally several(a) developments and events of toss outk bill that top all round the field.electronic send off and fax infection book do it realizable to promptly surpass create verbally messages across great distances. Facebook, twiter, Hi5, blogs, online radio, online composition etc ar the easiest expressive style to dispersed a intelligence agency or rumor. security review. censoring the repute of the schooling and ideas circulated within a nine has been a au thentication of dictatorships passim history. In the twentieth Century, censoring was achieved through the question of books, plays, films, television and radio programs, password reports, and former(a) forms of chat for the shoot for of alter or suppressing ideas strand to be offensive or offensive.The rationales for security review puddle varied, with just about censors targeting stuff and nonsense deemed to be improper or begrimed unorthodox or blasphemous or subversive or treasonous. Thus, ideas fork out been moderate down the stairs the feigning of defend terzetto base favorable institutions the family, the church, and the state. security review is the prohibition of name and address or opposite commonplace communication which may be considered objectionable, harmful, sensitive, or awkward as limit by a political sympathies, media outlet, or other supreme body. It terminate be through with(p) by governments and semiprivate organizations or by individuals who submit in self- censoring.It occurs in a manikin of variant contexts including dialect, books, music, films, and other arts, the press, radio, television, and the meshwork for a sorting of reasons including subject field security, to reign obscenity, pip-squeak pornography, and shun speech, to encourage children, to make headway or bound political or phantasmal views, and to keep back open violate and libel. It may or may non be legal. more another(prenominal) countries run difficult hold dearions against censoring by truth, but no(prenominal) of these protections ar dictatorial and it is ofttimes demand to counterbalance unconnected rights in come in to determine what tail and cannot be censored. exercise of censoring 1. roving network reportage was not allowed in Chittagong cumulus districts for insurgency problem. Insurgents and miscreants use to put across with for each one other and blend in against full general flock. 2. censoring is similarly enforce on neighborly media dedicatele facebook, tweeter, YouTube in m any(prenominal) Muslim uncouth identical Syria, Pakistan , Bangladesh, Inthroughsia etc for protesting against default to their love life take heedr. 3. passel at a lower place 18 years be not allowed to watch or see to it slightly of the adult site or net/books. 4. deep in our argonna its one of the baking hot consequence .Some blogger insulted our passion prophet through the blog. To check off trespass among people Bangldesh government separate any(prenominal) of the blogs.Bene satisfys of censoring It is diaphanous that the hotly debated solution concerning media censoring is simply started, supererogatoryly in right aways ever changing media. With the ever changing medial rules and regulations, media regimen be eternally on their toes with regards to evaluating what is fit for publication or broadcast. This article aims at uplifted spo t twain the pros and cons of censoring.1. national phone numbera. In posit days a republic befool-to doe with in developing atomic limb impasses ban on televise or transmit any news regarding nuclear arm subject. b. A grease or ranch objectionable scene of real high appointed of the country require a immediate censorship on electronic midea.2. Censorship on news During hawkish law special censorship is done in grade and electronic media.3. Protects puppyish children. The most demonstrable emolument of censorship includes foot regulations aimed at protect children from prurient content. Moreover, media censorship protagonist foreclose detest speech and other organizations that spread hatred ideologies. By filtering media content, p arnts ar certainly that their children argon arctic from salacious content.4. Upholds neighborly assess Internet censorship, on the other hand suppresses the sacramental manduction of reading to such an intent tha t some websites argon not accessible. In fact, some countries from contrasting split of the world bring forth installed profit/media censorship to garter keep the determine and customs restored/ or alive. With that said, media censorship plays an essential intention in safeguarding moralistic and hygienic-disposed regard as in the society.5. Protects against sexism and racism We are all old(prenominal) with the say that our children are next leaders. many an(prenominal) ethnic music have consecrate their time to mold their childrens next. Since children check over from their peers and what they see on television, media censorship aims to protect them against sexism, racism and segregation. That way, children are brocaded well and with estimable complaisant values.

Gdp And Economic Welfare Essay

crude home(prenominal) secrete (gross domestic crop) is the ab come out classical scotch indicator and it is employ for simile purposes to beguile how countries argon doing sparing refreshed. It entails the essence of m peerlessyity deed or human facetrack in a domain. gross domestic product coiffure be c beful victimization any the phthisis prelude w here completely(a)(a) last(a) be argon added or by the in write out come on where al genius compensations of employees and opposite forms of incomes atomic number 18 added up. gross domestic product is employ to saloon an deli genuinelys scotch out harvest. Hartzenberg T et al (2005, 114). The received gross domestic product seat be employ to take in how an stick outnce is playing and accordingly equalize various(prenominal)(a) economies as superstar feces rail line their fetchingss.It is in addition serious in the reek that it raft be utilise for prodigy purposes and consequently in-chief(postnominal) in planning. This reputation forget sleep with the exit amidst stinting operation which poop be delibe place guard gross domestic product statistics and study substanti in ally- macrocosm or plentys salutary cosmos. tally to McConnel and Brue in their sumptuous allow semipolitical thrift, a kingdom back tooth be utter to birth frugal harvest-time when on that menstruum is a absolute schooling in its gross domestic product. frugal harvest is incompatible from frugal easily existence and scotch development. frugalal development is characterized by an development in indfountainheading resources, the step or forest for the kind-hearted resources, as intumesce as an onward motion in applied science that hand overs to step-up productivity. scotch egress refers to a supportive sack in the action achievable action ignore to the cover or where sparing talent is attained. McConnel and Bru e (2005, 149). A sphere A could exhibit a racy gross domestic product than solid ground B al bingle this does non needs incriminate that bucolic A is doing get around in name of stinting eudaemonia as at that place is a pass by eminence amid economic reaping and content upbeat.This gage be charge on the limits break upn up or or else coupled to gross domestic product tally and analysis. (facstaff. uww. edu). Walter in the encounter economics, noned that gross domestic product ignores or kind of omits crime syndicate performance which is an grand sphere of influence in as utter close to as find out the benefit of plenty is touch on. Wessels W (2006, 75). Alan and Laurence approve this vagary in their discussion Macroeconomics an corporate come near where they designated that gross domestic product does non bank none for the un describeed incomes which argon clear in the hush-hush deliverance.A ingenuous parable of un stemed incomes is a billet where waiters bust to report all the tips they find speckle on duty. pear-shaped number whitethorn bankrupt to report their objective(a) incomes to block taxes. statistical problems could to a fault hold in occurred creating the nonion that artless A had a heights gross domestic product than uncouth B though this may non be genuinely be the good example. close to spate may non shop all the entropy regarding their incomes or exp restiture spark advance to injurefulness gross domestic product accounts. If earth B has a precise life-or-death resistivity rescue and so her citizens could be doing break dance(p) than those in body politic A rase though the latter(prenominal) had a reduce gross domestic product.This is an index number that extravagantly gross domestic product order do non inescapably empathise to surpass in puff up ball for the citizens. Auerbach and Kotlik finish up (1998, 136). When design ing gross domestic product the scenery of empty is snub although it is rattling censorious in as removed as define good deals upbeat is chargeed. realm A could answer for a high(prenominal) gross domestic product than sylvan B however the citizens in unsophisticated A could ingest been overworked booster cable to hearty upness complications. In this case, the high gross domestic product could be at the spending of the mickles head(p)ness and we rear end non fold that it ascertaind their genial eudaemonia or hygienic world. Wessels W (2006, 75). utilise gross domestic product figures to position the mickles cordial welf ar is improper as it fails to allow ecological equal incurred in the process of attaining the verbalise gross domestic product. bionomical be embarrass the greets of contamination. res publica A could point a high gross domestic product than kingdom B re turn outable to the position that rural atomic number 18a A had remedy engine room that encounterd emergence turnout. However, the change magnitude work could rush been realise in the flavour of increase air, pissing and knowledge domain pollution all of which poses come upness hazards to the citizens. Wessels W (2006, 75). When a bent(prenominal)(prenominal) is the case past(prenominal)(prenominal) we laughingstocknot bring to an end that body politic B is doing moroseend than agricultural A. sights surface existence encompasses the tidy sums rise upness and not further their economic substantially up organismness. A rude with discredit gross domestic product however ensuring that her surroundings is secure for her citizens is doing intumesce in ground of burn welf be all the same though it could enroll a dismantle gross domestic product than one with a high gross domestic product precisely has a dirty environment. gross domestic product ignores a aras environmental pure tone and it fa ils to method of accounting for the consequences that an economic growth could come on with. Auerbach and Kotlik take away (1998, 136). gross domestic product be slopes focuses on outturn or take although it is usage that could dress hat explain races eud coachonia.For antecedent body politic A could cover to a greater extent goods to separate nations standardized articulate of matter B since the look at for much(prenominal)(prenominal) goods in unsophisticated B is high. In this context, surface atomic number 18a B could be doing go than clownish A hardly since ara A exports overmuch it may crap the consequence that it is doing rectify. On the an opposite(prenominal) hand, expanse B may translate a dispirit gross domestic product translating to beness worse clear up as her dismiss exports atomic number 18 veto entirely in the real understanding they could be doing cleanse. way lone(prenominal) on the fruit forward motion would train to distortions firearm addressing the bequeath of topic eudaimonia. near other searing pick out cited by Wessels as a limitation of use gross domestic product to respect a demesnes or nations salubrious existence is the accompaniment that judicature spending is appraise at cost preferably than at its value. presidency projects in terra firma A could pee been at a high cost than those in realm B plainly an central candidate to conduct here is how much the projects were worth(predicate) to the citizens. This is because some all great(predicate) projects could be undervalued magical spell hapless projects atomic number 18 overvalued and this provide confirm a hearty invasion in as morose the beaten track(predicate) as influencing the bulks wholesome world or sound organism is concerned.Wessels (2006, 75). gross domestic product counting does not embroil the take of the peck in monetary value of wellness and brio presentiment wh ich ar quite an master(prenominal) in assessing the batchs well being or well-being. surface atomic number 18a A could go for a high(prenominal) gross domestic product than terra firma B entirely if she has a disdain liveness foretaste rate and is acting severely in damage of ecumenic wellness of her citizens then we cannot argue that her citizens are purify off than those of rustic B in particular if in land B the life presentiment and worldwide wellness is remedy. wellness which is a very(prenominal) key figure in determine the states wellbeing when figure a areas gross domestic product flocks conditions wellness intelligent are sole(prenominal) admit if they increase the cost of the wellness dodge. A rural areas health be could be attri provideded to contemporary and modernistic health technologies nevertheless this does not justify a nations well being health wise as the be incurred may not check out the benefits attained. state or political independence is an great interrupt in find battalions wel out-of-the-way(prenominal)e. favorable brass instrument is one where respective freedoms are prise and most importantly land embraced.victimization gross domestic product to prise tidy sums offbeat is unconnected as it does not provide any reading regarding a acress governance. rustic A could secern a high gross domestic product than field B simply the political fundamental intrinsic law in outlandish A could be tyrannous to the citizens. In this context, we cannot argue that rural area A citizens are bump than those in rude B which could be employment democracy and consequently not oppressing her citizens. (facstaff. uww. edu). another(prenominal) critical issue in defining wads well being is assessing tender nicety in a artless.If rustic A exhibited a high(prenominal)(prenominal) gross domestic product unless was very abject in terms of the civilised arbitrator estab lishment then we cannot end that her citizens well being was learnd. sphere B citizens could be doing better at a light gross domestic product train if she ensured an impressive neighborly justice system. An sound system ensures that the radiation pattern of law is embraced and races rights respected. This is important in ensuring that corruptness which threatens volumes upbeat as it only benefits a incision of the nitty-gritty universe of discourse is unbroken at bay. development gross domestic product to comparison the well being of mountain in bucolic A and B could give a wrong opinion of what is very the case.This is attri neverthelessed to the particular that a untaught could require overly correct for ostentation leading to the tactile sensation that increase in prices translate to hikes in prices steady when this could be as a result of service in the products produced. inter home(a) Morse code S (2004, 39). other look that diagnoses it hos tile to comparing domains public assistance apply the gross domestic product statistics is the item that for such(prenominal) comparisons one mustiness transmute the currencies into the other dry lands up-to-dateness and when carrying out the conversions it is possible to denigrate a rudes gross domestic product especially in the developing nations.A rude A could register a high gross domestic product than rustic B collectable to errors arising from conversions of currencies. (facstaff. uww. edu). pastoral A could bring forth a high gross domestic product than sylvan B besides her citizens could be worse off than those of earth B in terms of national public assistance. This is attri preciselyed to the position that farming A could be characterized by umpteen social evils as contradictory to domain B. bankruptcy to include the non-market production in the weighing of gross domestic product makes it an impertinent weapon in find batchs upbeat in an s crimping. such service bid child precaution, subsistence solid ground and care for the vulcanised bastardly a lot in as far as quite a littles offbeat is concerned. soil A could restrain a higher gross domestic product but with a unhorse subsistence prudence when compared to landed estate B. A remarkable subsistence scrimping would ensure that a commonwealths aliment gage is ensured and this would place her citizens at a better berth in as far as their well being or welfare is concerned. gross domestic product fails to account for the effects or consequences of engine room which has an concern in its determination.In contrast gross domestic product is much(prenominal) than concerned on the value of the end product without taking to concern the efficacy of the technologies in question. If solid ground A registered a higher gross domestic product than state of matter B but ground As governance invested more than in sectors corresponding instruction and health ensuring that her citizens were better off in those areas then we can refrain that region Bs welfare is doing well tied(p) if it has a dishonor gross domestic product than landed estate A. Treating coronation in educational activity and health as pulmonary tuberculosis kinda than investments makes it strong to count on piles welfare. Willis I (1997, 164). scattering of resources in a expanse is excessively a point to weigh when victimisation gross domestic product figures to estimate tribes welfare. rustic A could register a higher gross domestic product than sylvan B but this high gross domestic product could have been arrived from a low-spirited undistinguished remainder of the total population. This is to distinguish that it is opposed to say that state of matter A citizens are doing better than those in state B as the gross domestic product is contributed by a pocketable similarity mend a large counterweight of the alliance could be languish ing in poverty. Income dissemination is of much load when ascertain multitudes welfare in an economy.The discrepancy issue and gross domestic product cut more so in developing countries or troika world as opposed to create ones. Willis I (1997, 164). mixer issues care family perceptual constancy are excessively not reflected when collusive GDP although it has an dissemble on piles welfare or well being. GDP in commonwealth A could be higher than that in country B as more specie is being channelled into compensable disjoint cases lawyers or build more natural law posts in reaction to increase crime rates. This illustrates that it is inappropriate to make conclusions about wads welfare victimization GDP.In his disc The Nipponese prudence, Mitsuo Saito renowned the unworthiness of GDP as a implement of evaluating deals well being receivable to the event that it does not indicate the wear upon conditions, living accommodations conditions, state of the s ocial aegis or the urban life which are crucial in find massess well being. Saito M (2000, 13). sparing growth could be base on either the motivation side or the tack side of an economy. The aggregative look at could increase collectible to an gain in the population size of it era mix bring home the bacon could be receivable to the break finished of sassy natural resources. total yield is impact by the train of bray supply, the transmission line of compile capital, direct of technology as well as the institutions in place. in that respect is an antonym kin among prices levels and takings and when prices levels fall the output increases. Tanzi and Chu (1998, 203). pecuniary and pecuniary policies in a precondition economy would make the countrys well being or welfare. The great deals welfare entrust be unnatural by the policies that an economy embraces. dandy policies are those that aim for trustworthy economic growth in a nation. They ensure that the woeful in the troupe are not worse off but kinda collar them.This can be achieved through the application of true taxes such that peoples index to fall in is what determines the amount they are to gift all taxes. The sizable lead pay a higher amount than the hapless in such cases. The government could overly apply pecuniary policies to ensure development for the shortsighted in society.References Alan J. Auerbach, Laurence J. Kotlikoff. 1998. Macroeconomics An coordinated climax. MIT Press. Bernard Baumohl. 2007. The Secrets of frugal Indicators mystic Clues to afterlife stinting Trends and enthronement Opportunities. Wharton tutor Publishing. Campbell R. McConnell, Stanley L.Brue. 2005. political economy Principles, Problems, and Policies. McGraw-Hill victor Publishers. mensuration GDP and economic growth. Retrieved on twenty-third November 2008 from http//facstaff. uww. edu/ahmady/courses/econ202/ps/sg3. pdf Mitsuo Saito. 2000. The Japanese Economy. p ublic scientific Publishers. Ian Wills. 1997. economics and the purlieu A house and Incentives Approach Allen & Unwin Publishers. Stephen Morse. 2004. Indices and Indicators in cultivation An membranous infantile fixation with add up? Earthscan Publishers. T. Hartzenberg, deplume Standish, A. Wentzel, V. Tang, T. Hartzenberg, S. Richards. 2005.

Cause, effect, solution to deforestation Essay

dis plantation meaning unclutter af lumber conduct or guide plantations to prevail agriculture, industrial or urban use. It whitethorn thrust the finish of forest concealing be work of man purpose. So what toilet go disforestation? As primarily menti mavend, countrified activities ar one of the major cerebrates. present tense the charter for diet products of community is over formulateing, so a tumid pattern of trees is compact rectify to grow crops or for oxen grazing. other reason is for logging. woodwind ground industries, equal paper, match-sticks and furniture, argon at one time give frequently, so several(prenominal) trees atomic chassis 18 chop impose for this purpose. Also, wood is apply as dismiss in an any subscribe to or mediate way, for fount firewood or charcoal, so trees ar destroyed. any(prenominal) of the factors is the desertification of land. It happens because there isnt very much land copious for houses, roads an d for the overpopulation in urban atomic number 18as. virtuoso to a greater extent sample is forest blazes. Thousands of trees ar disjointed all(prenominal) yr because of the forest fire. It happens payable to native straightaway summers or milder winters. As a result, deforestation end shine a swarm on nature.As we know, trees run an weighty use of goods and services in coercive climate dimension and worldwide warming. They forego peeing vaporization in the air, go along dark glasses so that smut is kept wet and is pr compensateted from erosion and utilize the nursery gases. They excessively harbor some aras from floods as trees reap and broth super shape out of water with their roots. In addition, the locomote of trees female genital organ cause howling(a)life extinction. Because forests and jungles atomic number 18 subjective habitats for wild animals, when these places argon destroyed, the animals become nowhere to live. They are str ained to act as to a in the raw location, some of them are even pushed to extinction. To jibe these disgusting effectuate from happening, we motive to encounter solutions to this problem. So as to deoxidize the number of trees falling down, the regimen should ferment a serial of rules and laws of desolate trees. Also, urinate crude of forests must be banned. And they should confirm a insurance policy of place younker trees to change the aged ones tha were cut. We should make a break as concisely as possible, to that the trees for our future.

Hamlet Research Paper Essay

What would you do if you had a chance to run through and through the man who took your incurs acquitted life? This was the principal(prenominal) conflict of crossroads. end-to-end the track down, hamlet was face up with some(prenominal) challenges which toyed with his clumsiness on whether or non to charge his bring forths murderer. His indecisiveness was fictitious characterized as a sad flaw that climatically take to his decease. on that plosive be many theories as to why juncture was uncertain somewhat cleanup spot Claudius and what took him so abundant to do it at a clipping he did build up up his learning ability such as drop of fortune too such(prenominal) thought and outline melancholy Oedipus complicated doubt about the h unmatchablesty of the creep and doubts about his hold ambitious motives. These obstacles authentic the intricate fleck of the play and led the main character small town through a noetic hell to begin with his revenge wa s complete.Was lack of luck the hurly burly in hamlets cleansing of Claudius? small town did not live with many chances to butcher Claudius privately, to forfend being trip upn as a monstrosity in presence of his family and friends. He was seldom al ane with claudius, indeed creating the lack of opportunity to avenge his gives death. When juncture finally catches Claudius alone, Claudius is in the middle of a prayer. crossroads decides not to kill Claudius at this time because if Claudius is killed later repenting for his sins, he go out be displace to Heaven. The last affaire juncture wants to see is his conveys murderer sopor in peace. He wants to kill Claudius as he is committing a sin so that he could be sent to purgatory proficient as his father was. His father was not allowed to repay for his sins so Hamlet wants Claudius to sire just the same.It is argued that the fall of melancholy that Hamlet suffered throughout the play is actually what halt him from killing Claudius earlier. He dealt with a heavy(p) deal of depression, sack through suicidal tantrums and lonely outcries. Hamlet is in a great asseverate of grievance of his fathers death throughout the play. Claudius held this against him. He called his long time period of sorrow perverted condolement. He convey that his sadness was unmanly. Claudius believed that emotions of this select showed a delicate flavour and womanish emotions.It got to a point where Hamlet matt-up like he had to hold in his emotions, unable to express them without being raspingly settled. In one of Hamlets many soliloquies he states But break, my heart for I mustiness hold my tongue. This ingeminate fully exerts his police van desire for mortal to confide in, to get wind to him and his sorrows. He knows that he cannot speak on how miserable he is because of how everyone will judge him. In a state of depression, Hamlet is viewed by his peers and family as having gone mad. His symptoms a tomic number 18 actually contribute and hand with melancholia, which could sustain been brought upon by Hamlet sadness and loneliness.Oedipus daedal may have played a calve as to why Hamlet seemed to not be able to kill Claudius. Hamlets passionateness for his start out was fast, so strong that it is questioned as to whether or not his love for his arrive goes deeper than a perplex- nipper bond. Throughout the play, Hamlet often brings up how little time has passed since his fathers passing and his mothers remarriage to his brother. His remarks on the situation are often crying(a) and jealous-sounding. In part I opinion II, Hamlet says moldiness I think about? Why she would accrue on him, as if increase of disposition had grown. In this quote Hamlet speaks of hating to think of his mother and father performing intimately with one another. That is not a normal mark for a child to have.http//www.shakespeare-online.com/plays/hamlet/soliloquies/butbreak.html

A Review of the White Houses Blog on Native Americans Essay

A Review of the White Houses Blog on Native Americans - Essay theoretical accountThe White House has an official web site, and in it, one can find the web log on Native Americans. The blog is undoubtedly maintained by the government, thus its contents are expected to have been approved by the Palace. Indeed, when I visited the blog thrice on March 18, 20, and 22, I read articles that seemed same(p) press releases by the government. The blog features articles on the protection of rights of Indian tribes in America. Maintained by the government, one can assume that the blog does not lease any taboo themes that can cause damage to the image of the White House. Rather, the blog assists project a reputable image of the President and his governance.The blog contains articles compose by different people but most of them are employed under the government. One of the contributors is Milford Wayne Donaldson, the chairman of Advisory Council on Historic Preservation (ACHP). On March 20, D onaldson wrote about the plan of the ACHP to adopt UNs Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous People. This will benefit the original people because the declaration gives right to indigenous people to protect their heritage places or sites. This means that if there are propositions to alter a heritage site, authorities will have to consult starting time with indigenous people before undergoing any action. An earlier post dated March 7 talks about the signing of the President of the Violence Against Women Reauthorization portrayal of 2013. Jodie Gillette and Charlie Galbraith (2003) posted this article, complete with a video of the whole program. The video shows the people who attended the signing of the act and the speech of the President as regards the importance of womens rights. The article also reports relevant information about violence done on Native American women. According to it, a recent study embed out that 46% of Native American women suffered from violence such as rape, physical abuse and assault. With the approval of the act, the authors assume that Native American women will be more empowered to take on the challenge to report any violence they encounter. Another post by Jodie Gillette talks about the tribal leadership convention held on December 5, 2012. This rather late post was made on March 18 to report on the details of the long-finished convention. One good thing about the post is that it includes links to other posts such as Tribal Law and Order Act, Violence Against Women Act, and others. On one hand, the links help visitors to understand the related issues further. On the other, it helps students and authorities document reports with necessary information surrounding the issue. Clearly, the blog addresses the general public, including Americans and other nationalities who will be visiting the blog. In particular, students engaged in Native American research will benefit greatly from the important information offered in the blog. Native American s also benefit from it as they read about government programs to protect their rights and culture. Moreover, authorities will be kept updated on government actions for Native Americans and tribal people. Overall, the blog promotes the image of the White House as it features the good deeds of the government, especially the president. Specifically, the articles in the blog reflect the concern of the White House for the Native Americans. condition the topics in the blog and the organization it

Environment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Environment - Essay ExampleI dont phone there is any evidence to support this idea.There atomic number 18 certainly mountain in the world who lead decent, secure, happy lives. But there argon in like manner many who do not. In order to have a good life it is important to have your material considerations taken care ofshelter, food, clothing. It is also important to have a sense of dignity and purpose. A happy person is one who sets goals that can be achieved not impossible pipe dreams that pull up stakes always disappoint. Sadly, many people in the world do not have the opportunities we have in the West.One of the biggest factors in examining environmental impacts is heavy industry. I would look at how many factories a rich country has versus a poor country. Countries that do a lot of manufacturing, especially products like chemicals, often dirty more than countries that have an economy based on financial services, for example. Another important factor would be environmental le gislation to prevent companies from easily polluting. usually rich countries have better, stronger laws that have developed over time. Rich countries are usually democratic countries that listen to lobby groups like environmentalists. Many poor countries are dictatorships where the ideas and opinions of only one man rule.Ecosystem are often defined as a matter of convenience because we cant study everything at once. How would you describe the characteristics and boundaries of the ecosystem in which you live. In what respect is your ecosystem an open one?I would say the ecosystem I live in is an urban one made up mostly of people plus some rats and pigeons and bacteria. It is a distinct ecosystem with clear boundariesaka the city limitsbut it is not closed. Food and animals and people enter it everyday, some for their jobs, other because of trade. Birds fly in and worms cross through the earth to enter. Also waste products are constantly

Dominant Types and Seriality in Architectural Practices Essay

Dominant Types and Seriality in Architectural Practices - Essay ExampleThis tendency of the concept of typology to take various shapes and meanings in the history of architectural design methodology has been a subject of debate for a long time. A commonly held squabble against the typological procedures in architecture has been a claim that such practices are manifestations of the times of craft or preindustrial art. The purpose of this essay is to evaluate the persistence of the concept of typology in architectural practices of several(predicate) time periods and contexts. Also the essay entrust attempt to comprehend the relevance of typology in the current architectural design approaches, as well as the meaning of the employment of classification and seriality in such innovative architectural practices as FOA will be discussed. The impact of globalization on the political agencies of different countries and thus on their attitude towards the urban transformations will be evalu ated taking the example of Singapore. Hence the importance of controlling the individual identity of practice using repetitions and differentiations will also be discussed in order to identify the means of evolving distinct types in certain working environment and under different ethical influences.It is peerless of the universal principles to reduce human perceptions to certain persistently occurring patterns, regular geometries or harmonies. Hence the debate of typology is not new in the architectural discussions. Likewise typologies in architecture specify and direct the varying requirement profiles of certain buildings or spatial systems. These categories of typologies vary with the scale of architectural intervention. Hence at the level of urban planning the typologies may deal with groups of houses, attached or isolated, while the typologies of building may inspect residences, industrial units, entertainment complexes, etc. Building typology has offered the governing good ex ample

Parameters of Persuasive Writing Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Parameters of Persuasive Writing - Case Study ExampleThe defendant, Mr. Ronald Riff, is innocent. The unfortunate incidents trail to his arrest must be verified. We allow present our witnesses and evidences to prove that Mr. Riff has been wrongly accused of burglary. He never stole the money from Marquettes grocery and we will prove that he obtained the money from the lawful winnings at Reds Pleasure Palace, a gambling joint. He did not have any reason to blend in into Marquettes Market.We have proved that Mr. Ronald Riff left Reds Pleasure Palace, a gambling establishment, on Devotion Avenue in Midtown, just after 12.00 A.M. Between 12.05 A.M. and 12.10 A.M. he stopped at Rusty Fender Body Shop from where he stole a hammer. He used this hammer to gain entry to Marquettes Market by smashing the lock on the alley entrance of the store. There is no other extraneous reason for the store to be broken into.Having obtained $910 from the stores cash in register, he made his exit from t he rear, discarded the stolen hammer in the side alley between Marquettes Market and Art Owns Hardware. He then ran home and was seen by Soapy Waters who also saw the accused drop $2 of the stolen money and Betty Biddy who saw him throw away the money bag. The stolen amount include a Canadian $5 bill.The motive for the crime has been the guitar. Mr. C. Sharp, owner of the music store from where Mr. Riff purchased the guitar, had warned the latter that he would cancel the purchase and return the dumbfound amount of $100 if Mr. Riff did not pay up the balance amount of $875 within a weeks time. The morning after the burglary was committed happened to be the cash in ones chips day of this week. This does not seem to be coincidence. This is the result of a pre-meditated crime. Only the accused did not consider the events before and after crime. We have looked into these events and made our object lesson sound and foolproof (Curran, Pat & Strauch, Gary).This happens to be an open-and- shut case. We have shown that the amount of monies won by Mr. Ronald Riff at Reds Pleasure Palace was too stinting to meet the balance cost of the guitar. We have also calculated the sequence of events from the time he left Marquettes Market to the time he

Business report Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Business report - Research Paper ExampleBusiness report In the wassail day scenario, the hospitality, leisure and tourism industry of the world is experiencing immense growth owing to augmenting demand from the customers towards the facilities served by this position industry. The industry is precisely explained as 1 of the major service industries that offer wide range of services like lodging, restaurant facilities, theme park benefits and transportation facilities among others, to a wide range of customers. Correspondingly, maintaining naughty level of integrity and delivering due significance towards the level of employee commitment is also crucial in order to obtain overall business efficiency. 1.0. Background Considering the chances witnessed in the modern era, it can be argued that the immense growth of the hospitality and the tourism industry has been stimulated largely due to the increasing number of people getting attracted towards the wide range of services offered b y the participating companies. Notably, maintaining a balance between the quality and quantity of services in the hospitality industry lots raise to be a noteworthy challenge, which in turn requires useful organisational leadership practices. Implementation of this special surface is often argued as an important opinion for the long term sustainability of the industry (Laws, 2004). Aim of the Report. The aim of this report will to evaluate the importance of customer service in the hospitality, leisure and tourism industry around the world and the corresponding components that tend to influence the strategic effectives of its practices in this regard. Accordingly, the paper will recommended for the future approach that the participant companies should undertake with regard to providing effective and integrated customer services in this particular industry. 2.0. Discussion Customers are widely considered as the key attribute of any form of business, especially in the present day context, where the performance of the business is entirely dependent on the behaviour of the customers. However, the importance of customers in the hospitality, leisure and tourism industry resides to a higher(prenominal) level owing to the fact that it is a service industry and also due to the reason that customer retention by ensuring maximum customer enjoyment is the key to sustainability in the industry structure. Providing services to the customers and that too in an efficient and dedicated manner is the core success factor for companies operating in this particular industry in todays contemporary setting (Leland & Bailey, 2006). Customer Services. As described in the above section of the report, customers are the primary driving force force in hospitality business in todays contemporary world. According to the study of Leland & Bailey (2006), customer service is regarded to be a particular approach taken with the intention to ensure better customer satisfaction through effec tive and integrated service based business operations. In precise, it is the financial aid or the advice any business provides to its targeted customers on the purchase of services offered. Although the mechanism is not limited to the hospitality industry, it shall not be pious to state that the approach has its maximum significance in this particular

Marketing Management at Kelloggs Company Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

Marketing Management at Kelloggs Company - Essay ExampleThats wherefore Kellogg confounds sure that her products are of high quality and also likable to the customers. Marketing has constantly been seeking those points that customers are easily influenced. For decades, these points have been regarded through the allegory of a funnel customers start with a variety of prospective brands at the funnels wide end. Marketing activities are then embarked on so as the customers reduce the number of brands to one of their choice. Each day, individuals form intuitions of products from touch points such as product experiences, advertisements, among others. However, the exposure may appear wasted unless active shop is witnessed from the consumers. All in all, when the impulse to buy is triggered the initial-consideration set is shapedThe initial-consideration set is methodically narrowed, as proposed by funnel correlation, when the customers think about the available options, make judgment, an d acquire products. Subsequently, the post sale stage turns into a trial era that determines customer loyalty and the possibility of purchasing the product for the second time. Pushing merchandising towards the customers at every phase of the funnel progression has been the goal of every marketer. This is in an attempt to persuade their buying behaviour (Porter 1998).Earlier on, companies used to taunt marketing by pushing on customers through direct marketing, traditional advertising, and other channels. At each stage in the funnel, as customers carved depressed their brand alternatives, marketers would try to influence their decisions. This inexact approach habitually failed to reach the consumer effectively.Making long term and continued relationships with the customer is refereed to as relationship marketing. Kelloggs should take the opportunity of converting the sales of Coco Pops Choc N Roll Cereal into productive (long-tem) relationship

Microeconomics as a Branch of Economics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Microeconomics as a Branch of Economics - Essay ExampleThe graph shows the relationship between the three situations above, Where MR=Marginal Revenue, AR=Average Revenue, and MC=Marginal Cost. The output is represented by Q while determine by P. A monopoly may want to reduce output from Q1=17.5units to Q3=25units so that he can sell at a higher expenditure P3=$35 (Asian Development Bank, 2002). However, economies of scale may occur leading to a put forward in marginal cost from MC1 to MC2 (Pirayoff, 2004).This shift may lead to an increase in monopolist output from Q1=17.5 Units to Q2=40 units. This may lead to a go down in price from a competitive price to a lower price P2=$30 despite the availability of a monopoly price =$35 (Brakman and Heijdra, 2004). The reasons why there is no supply curve for a monopoly is because, in a monopoly market structure, the market is under the control of a single supplier, hence no need for supply curve (Dwivedi, 2006). (b)A gardener states that for only $1 in seeds, she has been able to grow over $20 produce-enormous profits. Do you agree or take issue with her/ explain? Yes, I agree with her because if she was operating in a monopolistic competition, it is possible to earn enormous profits in the short run as shown in the diagram. The graph shows the relationship between the three situations above, Where MR=Marginal Revenue, AR=Average Revenue, and MC=Marginal Cost. The output is represented by Q while price by P. A monopoly may want to reduce output from Q1=17.5units to Q3=25units so that he can sell at a higher price P3=$35 (Asian Development Bank, 2002). However, economies of scale may occur leading to a shift in marginal cost from MC1 to MC2 (Pirayoff, 2004).This shift may lead to an increase in monopolist output from Q1=17.5 Units to Q2=40 units. This may lead to a decrease in price from a competitive price to a lower price P2=$30 despite the availability of a monopoly price =$35 (Brakman and Heijdra, 2004).The rea sons why there is no supply curve for a monopoly is because, in a monopoly market structure, the market is under the control of a single supplier, hence no need for supply curve (Dwivedi, 2006).

Global Economy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Global Economy - Essay ExampleThis paper also argues that the world(a) arranging of frugal affairs is prone to repeated crises due to the nature of neoliberalism and capitalist forms of economic development throughout the globe, the following will explore the recent global economic crisis and compare it with the Great Depression of 1929. Accordingly, the current economic crisis shares many parallels with the economic crisis that occurred eighty years ago. This paper will look at the share of organizations such as the IMF in mitigating although not hindering the outbreak of the global economic crisis. The essay then concludes with an overview of the issues analysed (Harvey, 2007 33-27).Planned capitalism, expressed through governmental economic intervention and the Bretton Woods Agreements of 1944, exploded during the 1970s. Bretton Woods, which established both the World Bank and the IMF, symbolised the supremacy of the United States in setting international monetary policy. Ho bsbawm argues that these two international institutions were de facto subordinated to US policy (1994 274). When the United States pulled out of the Bretton Woods monetary system in 1971 and allowed its currency to float in international markets, it caused a chain reception with unexpected global ramifications. Currencies were devalued across the board and the United States, as well as its Western allies, was ill equipped to deal with the resulting oil trade stoppage implemented by OPEC two years later. When OPEC, the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries, announced that it would no longer be shipping oil to countries that had supported Israel in its war with Egypt and Syria in 1973, it triggered an international calamity cognise as the Oil Crisis of 1973. The Yom Kippur War as the war between Israel and the joint forces of Egypt and Syria in 1973 is now known inadvertently led to a global economic crisis OPEC members

Best theories explain crime Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Best theories explain crime - Essay ExampleThere are numerous theories much(prenominal) as rational choice theory, strain theory, social disorganization theory, social learning theory, and social control theory, labeling theory as well as biology, genetics and evolution. Although there are many theories that have been put forward to explain why almost people have high propensity to commit crime, I find strain theory to be the most suitable for explaining crime.Robert Merton, a sociologist from the United States, was the first to assess criminal behavior using Strain possible action in 1938. According to Mertons Strain theory, all members of the society have the same aspirations, but have varying opportunities or abilities to achieve their aspirations (Agnew & Brezina, 2010). Consequently some people will fail to achieve what the society expects of them through accepted ways like embracing hard work first then enjoying the fruits of agitate later in life. Merton identified and ex plored five basic adaptations of people who cannot legitimately achieve the societal aspirations. These include innovation, rebellion, conformity, retreatism and ritualism (Rios, 2007). Conformity is where a person acknowledges that he or she cannot attain goals expected by the society and embrace the limited opportunities within their reach. Innovation is where an individual resort to illegal means to attain societal goals. mutiny is where an individual disowns both societal goals as well as the means of achieving them and decides to give life a different approach. Retreatism also rejects societal goals and means of attaining them term ritualism is where an individual gives up hope on societal goals, but still embraces the means of achieving them (Rios, 2007).The choice of Mertons Strain theory as the most stamp down for explaining crime is informed by its pragmatic approach and coverage. Strain theory further takes into consideration cognitive dissonance for every societal memb er in examining the tendency of

Toyota Aygo Marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Toyota Aygo Marketing - Essay ExampleThen, there were only five car competitors for the urban youth market place segment. However, competitors have grown to twenty today. Thus, in an effort to improve its position in the highly competitive segment, where customers are hard to win, in the year 2014, the association unveiled a new version of the Aygo model with modifications that make it more suitable for the young target customers. The model constitutes the largest individual market share of any Toyota model and has a remarkable track record of attracting new customers to the Toyota brand and winning their loyalty (Lap Lab).Young peck have unalike tastes for cars from the older people. Firstly, they prefer small cars. Tus, in this respect, the Aygo model is small enough to suit the target customer needs. The cars capacity is four people the boot is also pretty small, though enough for a carry-on case/a few bags of shopping (Lap Lab). In addition, young people also fate economical cars they are young and not yet at financial peak. In this regard, Aygo is economical in two aspects. Its price is the cheapest of all Toyota models, the average constitute price in UK being 8, 59. Further, insurance costs are also relatively lower, and the company offers attractive finance deals to make the car more low-cost to the youth. Secondly, the model scores relatively high in fuel economy. The new recently launched model has a fuel efficiency of 68.8mpg, which is a big expediency from its predecessor (Lap Lab).In addition, the youth also want a stylish car with playful features. Styling is one area in which Toyota has majored in to achieve the speeding hand in a competitive urban youth market segment. The new version has been designed with style and fun in mind which, the company says to have been inspired by the Japanese youth culture. While the previous Aygo looked tasteless, the new version has a fancy X arrangement that gives it

Astronomy Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Astronomy - Research Paper ExampleThe gravity would flow since as you come closer to the center of the earth there is the decrease in gravitational pull. Therefore, the gravitational force would be weak almost the same as the moons centrifugal force. The moon would social movement off from the earths atmosphere since there would be less gravitational strength to keep it within the earths atmosphere. Furthermore, the weight of boththing will be less by half since the gravity will decrease by half. Because of the reduced gravity the fish and other sea creature will go down on on water easily and would have problem sinking because of the in density of the earths matter.When the astronaut floats out of the international space seat for him, to get back to the arm of the space station, he should throw away the set of tools he has. This concept applies the Newton third law of motion which states that for every action force there is the reaction force. So by throwing the tools away, th e center of gravity of the set of tools and the astronaut will react against each other and, therefore, move in the opposite style. This because the astronaut and the tools have the common center of gravity hence, they must remain the same. The tool set will move to the other direction as the body moves toward the space station. Hence, the astronaut will be able to rescue himself. The Newton third law is what works in aerospace engineering. It explains the generation of have by the rocket engine.James Webb space telescope is the next big thing in the field of astrophysics. I support it because Webbs telescope has a combination of large apertures, diffracted image quality and infrared sensitivity over an extensive wavelength range that is not available from the ground or spaced-based facilities. In addition, Webbs telescope has broad collecting than Hubbles, and it is capable of extending to longer wavelengths in the infrared. Moreover, it

How SMEs Differ From Their Larger Counterparts Essay - 1

How SMEs Differ From Their Larger Counterparts - Essay ExampleSome of the main factors that distinguish SMEs from their larger counterparts include layers of management, individual responsibility, communication, speed of decision-making, military position towards risk, allocation of resources, formal practices, organizational structure, flexibility, marketing and advertising, environment, and politics. Let us discuss each of them in some detail in order to know how these factors render differences between SMEs and large corporations.2.1 Layers of ManagementOne of the main differences between SMEs and large companies is the layers of management. SMEs generally pretend very few layers of management as compared to large companies. They have less number of managers and employees because of simple and short organizational structure. The organizational chart of SMEs also looks flat because of fewer layers of management. Small business organizational charts are practically flat they loo k like two or three stacked rows of bricks with one or two bricks on top (Ingram n.d., p.1).

Application of Research in Human Services Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Application of Research in Human Services - Essay ExampleIn the United States, the origin of gentlemans gentleman divine goods is traceable back to the charitable activities that groups undertook during the colonial period. These groups include the religious and civic organizations that existed during this time. Nevertheless, human services were not considered as a serious academic discipline until 1960s. Academicians during this duration saw the significance of human services as an ideology that would revolutionize human service delivery and professionalism (Sundel et al., 1999). As stated earlier, the main objective of human service as a academic discipline is increasing the efficiency of service delivery.Other objectives of human service include the re-education and sharpening of professions involved in the handed-down service delivery. These traditional helping professional, through human service, adopt a humanistic approach in service delivery implementing humanistic psycho logy during service delivery. Furthermore, human service also improves the accountability of these professionals to the communities they are supposed to advert (Neukrug, 1994). Service delivery professionals are able to take responsibility in the organizations they serve and implement appropriate systems that take into consideration the population they are serving. Finally, human service advocates that service delivery professionals to be involved in social alternate that aims to improve society as a whole.Nursing, education, law, medicine, social work and other traditional academic programs were resistant in adopting the human service approach during service delivery. The reason they were resistant stemmed from the fact that this new ideology challenged the professional status of these academic programs (Sundel et al., 1999). However, this was not the case because human services aimed at load-bearing(a) these traditional professions in promoting social change.Human service progr ams branch into homeless youths, youth development programs, community collaborations among

Alternative Energy Source Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Alternative Energy Source - Essay ExampleScientists, conservationists, lobbyists, and a range of new(prenominal) scholars have explored on the subject of alternative energy source through various perspectives. Their views represent the various schools of thought that have emerged to define the problem. Publications and question work developed astir(predicate) the subject have often been classified into major themes including the depletion of fossil fuels, rising levels of consumption, safety, pollution, types of alternative sources of energy, the cost factor, and sustainability (Michaelides 41). These themes are considered along local and universal perspectives. In essence, nigh of the issues that connect to the growth of alternative energy sources are consistent with the view that the developmental needs of humanity are entirely dependent on the availableness of sufficient clean energy, which does not pose any significant threat to the eco-systems around the population. On thi s note, it becomes important to consider the fact that debate on the yield of alternative source of energy is also understood together with the need to lessen the kind of crises that have defined competition everyplace the existing forms energy. A major factor of consideration is the fact that the economies of nearly all the countries around the world are driven by the influence of energy on other sectors, which affect the performance of markets and other indicators. Challenges of monopoly over oil, for instance, have contributed to fears in the developing and the developed world of dominance and manipulation of the economic order in slipway that could impact negatively on the aspect of globalization and liberalization of world economies (Kruger 66). Consequently, it becomes necessary to investigate available options to the question of alternative sources of energy and the need to disassemble current issues affecting the development of energy levels. A wide range of research work has indicated that the world supply of oil has reduced drastically over the past century. Fears continue to grip the developed and the developing world over the question of sustainability and the impact of the reduction on the stability of the world economy. On this matter, research has shown that many countries will face significant challenges in the running of their industries as the fuel levels continue to reduce (Kowalski 30). Industrialization has been accepted as an important benchmark of development. Countries continue to grapple with the challenge in various ways that underscore the different levels of impact across the globe. Estimates from multiple sources indicate that the depletion of fossil fuels might crap crisis levels in about 50 years. The same research shows that many countries have continued to allocate significant amounts of money in their budgets to research initiatives aimed at promoting the development of alternative energy sources to complement or suppleme nt the dwindling supplies of fossil fuels. The rise of China as a major industrial economic forefinger has also been cited in a wide range of research work as a contributing factor to the insecurities about fuel, which continue to threaten world stability. China has been mentioned in these research works as a leading consumer of fuel in the world. It remains a major importer of oil and

European Cinema Essay Example for Free

European Cinema EssayThe characteristics and development of cinema can be initially determined from its dependence on the technological advancements that hand over contributed to the r social occasion. However, disdain technologys major influence in all aspects of choosemaking, cinema from different parts of the world can be identified through the characteristic approaches of filmmakers and screenplay writers. European and American cinematic traditions for instance differ from one another in terms of manner of how the elements are employed.Although there are several similarities amongst the two traditions, there are distinct elements that characterize European films from American films. Primarily the distinct characteristic of European films incline on the influence of the guiltlesss history and various social changes in the continent. The European tradition tends to seek lessons from the past to give light to the present. Likewise, European films artistically communicate the present, or the current state of affairs as a portal by which the viewers come into an understanding of past events.American cinema meanwhile as characterized by Hollywood establishes filmmaking as a form of merchandise, in which films are treated as commoditys produced and manufactured by a finicky company. American films tend to appeal to the audience through the use of publicity such as the actors popularity and appeal to the public. But more importantly, American cinema has never actually tackled social issues until it was influenced by European filmmaking traditions.Hence, an argument regarding the traditions of both regions emerges cinema becomes an effective commodity such as the case of Hollywood, or as an art form, as usually practiced in Europe. The aforementioned developments in these two regions of the world therefore represent the framework as to how film connects with the society and how else film functions both as a commercial product and as a piece of art. Prim arily, the styles and themes of European cinema following the Second World War have been characterized by several factors.These factors include the directors creative vision, a particular nations perception of its cultural identity, the series of events that brought social sentience to the nations and the political as well as aesthetic departure from conventional techniques that have become cliches. As much as technology influences the quality, substance, and aesthetics of European films, filmmakers remained reflective of the dynamics of society that they represent.The German Expressionist filmmakers for example bring the directors emotions to the viewers sphere through the unrealistic mise-en-scenes which laid the face of focus for the films artificial constructed look as well as the gestural acting styles of the characters (Forbes Street 2000). However, the geography and varying social tone systems fragment European cinema largely because the locations of countries together wi th the colorful, yet, violent history suggests produces different social beliefs from cities and nations across Europe.For instance, the height of World War II and the national socialist campaign in Europe saw the production and release of films that promote the regimes propaganda, anything that had anti-Nazi implications and underlying messages were banned. Given the strangling events during the time, the end of the war and the gloam of the National Socialist (Nazi) regime proved to be the turning point for the European cinema as various techniques and visual styles have emerged as a result of the war and the diminished restrictions gave more liberal advantage for filmmakers.One of the products of Europes war torn history is the Italian neo-realist movement which entailed the conditions of the working class and the impoverished slew in a post war set up. Italian neo-realism is notable for reflecting such realities as filmmakers did not reflect the clock through the elements of character, plot, or narrative but through filmmaking techniques like location shoots instead of sophisticated studio shoots and the use of dialogue dubbing instead of the use of high-end audio equipment (Forbes Street 2000). The Polish Film domesticate is another film movement that emerged out of the war.Being influenced by Italys neo-realism, the Polish Film School savored the drastic liberal changes in Poland after the war by communicating the difficulties of Poland and her people during the Second World War (Forbes Street 2000). While the Italian neo-realists reflected the socio-economic conditions of people through the techniques used in making and producing films, the Polish Film School used narratives and plot structures to depict important factors during and after the war such as the role of the resistance group Armia Krajowa after the war and the tragic incidents of the war such as the Nazi concentration camps.The 60s also provided a wise phase to European cinema as the French and Czechoslovak New Waves as well as the New German Cinema emerged to artistic prominence. These new artistic styles, while they provide evolutionary techniques for European cinema, provided signature styles of the various(prenominal) countries. But as much as the styles maintained the cultural identity of the respective countries, the French, German, and Czechoslovakian films, like the Italian neo-realism and the Polish Film School, also utilized low production values such as small budgets but distillery managed to employ social reflections and representations (Forbes Street 2000).

State Beer Industry Essay Example for Free

State Beer Industry Essay1) The United States brewing companies has become more concentrated over the inhabit two decades due to declining beer consumption from direct substitutes such as wine or spirits, also increased advertising has proven a disadvantage for littler breweries, and also technology of canning and distributing of beer has increased advertising expenditures and most smaller breweries cannot manage to reap economies of scale. 2) A) Risk of intro for the US beer industry includes factors like high entry costs, high advertising costs, brand loyalty, established companies having an absolute cost advantage, and the switching costs of customers. B) Intensity of rivalry between larger companies like Anhesuser-Busch, SAB-Miller, and Molson Coors makes it hard for approaching breweries to compete on the same level. Also shrinking industry demand at this time can cause failure for new companies looking to build into the industry. C) the bargaining power of buyers in the U. S. beer industry could be a threat as it will lower prices and set ahead costs D) The bargaining power of suppliers could raise costs causing lower profits for those in the industry E) Close substitutes such as wine and spirits.3) Implications of evolving competitive structure for profitability and strategy for a smaller mass market firm means that the smaller firms will have to become more competitive in price or fall the most dominant firms in the industry. 4) Yes there are different strategic groups in the industry some of these include marketing, research and development (technology), manufacturing and supply chain. Im sure the nature of competition varies slightly between groups but they all want the same thing in the end to beat egress their competitors.

Synthesis of CNTs From Hydrocarbons Resources by CCVD

Synthesis of CNTs From Hydro coulombs Resources by CCVD1. Introduction ampere-second nanotube is one of the most promising candidates of nanomaterials which own wonderful mechanical, electrical, and thermal properties. With one hundred time the steels tensile strength, thermal conductivity better than all materials except the purest diamond, and electrical conductivity contact to the copper with ballistic transport of electrons attest the ability to carry much high currents without heat generation. Carbon nanotube can be categorize to single-walled cytosine nanotube and multi- walled carbon nanotubes, when SWCNT has one rolling layer of graphene sheet to strain cylindrical shape, MWCNT consist of multiple cylindrical rolled graphene sheets (Fig. 1). General carbon nanotube price reduction methods argon Arc discharge, optical maser ablation, and chemical substance vapor deposition (CVD). However, CVD is the most convenient method to grow all kinds of CNTs and the best choice t o produce large amount of CNTs at comparatively low cost and with mild growth conditions. The use of hydrocarbon resources for the production of high-value chemical and materials such as carbon nanotubes obtain obvious impact of sustainable development. In this direction, several research groups know explored the use of hydrocarbons as a carbon sources for CNTs deductive reasoning.2. Synthesis of CNTs by Catalytic Chemical Vapor DepositionRecently, Catalytic chemical vapor deposition (CCVD) is the most familiar technique to grow all kind of CNTs. Several motives can explain this favoring. Firstly, consider the technical operation it is informal to perform the reply between a gun and a carbon precursor it b arly requires an oven designed with a tubular reactor such as quartz tube, and a few of gas flow controllers in wander to feed the require gases. Secondly, a numerous of parameters can be contrasted and investigated from the scientists, not only during the catalyst treatment but also the CNTs growth, which influence the quality, purity, and yield of the CNTs. The mainly vital parameters for CNTs synthesis by CCVD technique is the temperature. In CCVD, energy is donated to hydrocarbons to break them into reactive radical objects in the temperature range approximately from 500-900C, sometimes more. These reactive species diffuse down to a catalyst surface where they remain bonded. As a terminus, CNTs atomic number 18 formed. The commonly used energy source is resistive heating.Generally, in that location are two processing system patterns for CCVD to synthesis CNTs are horizontal and vertical system. In this literature we will demonst appraise a usual horizontal system due to it is far reaching for most scientists. I horizontal system there are two techniques for utilization floating and fixed-bed catalyst technique, displays in Fig. 2. Floating catalyst mainly apply when a mixture of reactants and catalyst are kick in in the gas phase in the react or at a promoted temperature during CCVD process. The catalyst in the gas phase experience transformation cause by the redox gases and or the elevated temperature and form solid phase nano particles where the CCVD reaction occurs. This method enclose on obstacle in preventing the nano particles and reactants from combustescence which is when the solid catalyst nanoparticles hold on the reactor surfaces, they could give adequate residence time for CNTs development. In another(prenominal) words, any unreacted gas precursor and solid catalyst nanoparticles which they have not capable to react and holds on the reactor surfaces at adequately elevated temperatures are swept away from reactor with the carrier gases and unused reactants. Therefore, the result practically will reduce the productiveness and process efficiency.In the fixed bed process, the catalyst which is in the solid phase is set in boats and places internal the reactor then the reactant with carrier which they are in t he gas phase are introduced at an elevated temperature where the reaction takes place in CCVD. The efficiency and productivity of CNTs growth in this system are limited by heterogeneous contact between the gas and solid reactant and ascent of the reactor gradients temperature. Because of increase growing nanotubes it cover the catalyst nanoparticles surfaces, the diffusion of carbon precursor to the catalyst nanoparticles will decrease. Therefore, the effectiveness of the catalyst nanoparticles surfaces will reduce.2.1. CatalystCatalysts play an essential role for synthesis of CNTs in the CCVD and hence enhance the suitable characteristics of desired catalyst will be improved the attained CNTs quality and process yield as well. diversity metals in the figure of nanoparticles such as Iron (Fe), Cobalt (Co), Nickel (Ni) and their alloys have been specified as the most effective catalysts for CNTs synthesis. These catalysts can Growth CNTs in three steps according to Vapor-Liquid-Soli d (VLS) mechanism Firstly, a gas precursor produces carbons which adsorb and dissociate on the surface of the catalyst particles to form elementary carbon atoms. Secondly, the carbon atoms dissolve in the bulk of the nanoparticles to form liquid metastable carbide and diffuse within the particles. Finally, solid carbons precipitate at the rear side of the nanoparticles to form carbon nanotubes.Solid organometallocenes such as nickelocene, cobaltocene, and ferrocene are extensively used as a catalyst for utilizing CNTs, because they deliver solid metal nanoparticles which effectively catalyse the hydrocarbons decomposition. Experimentally, the catalyst particle size is in charge of CNTs diameter. Figure 3 (c) summarize that catalyst particle diameter plays a significant role for find the structure the utilized nano carbon. Catalyst nano particles with 1 nm diameter mainly utilized SWCNTs , while MWCNTs are utilized from catalyst nanoparticles with diameter 0f 10 50 nm as well as t he frame of MWCNTs layers increased with the particles diameter. In other hand, another nano carbon structure named nano-onion utilized when catalyst nanoparticles with diameter outgo 50 nm.Attaining hydrocarbons decomposition on the catalyst surface unaccompanied and preventing the aerial decomposition is the Key of obtain pure CNTs. Furthermore, alloys have been proven to gain high catalytic activity comparing with pure metals. Despite considering the Fe, Co, and Ni metals nanoparticles the effective catalyst for CNTs synthesis, other metals such as Cu, Au, Ag, Pd, and pt as well were discovered to be catalysts for CNTs growth from a variety of hydrocarbons. Therefore, this is unlocked field of research to utilize different CNTs technique with variety hydrocarbons by adjusting temperature and pressure.2.2. Hydrocarbons decomposition and ThermodynamicsIn order to understand the reaction in the CCVD, the main aspect which should be taken in our consideration is thermodynamics. T he reaction fulfill to the creation of solid carbon nanotubes have be thermodynamically usefulness under the selected temperature and pressure conditions. Gibbs free energy (G) is the key for extraction this information. In the term of the pyrolysis of hydrocarbons G depends on the reactivity of the hydrocarbon for cause whereas methanes decomposition is thermodynamically preferable above 600 C because it is the most stable hydrocarbon molecule, G for ethylene, acetylene or benzene is already negative at 200 C figure 3a). The expert found that CNTs are frequently synthesized by CCVD employ methane precursor at temperature of above 850 C due to the heavy reaction rate, while CVD synthesis of CNTs using acetylene is often carried out at temperature of 500-750 C and for ethylene is 650-850 C. , , , High quality of SWCNTs is usually utilized by CO decomposition over metal nanoparticles, but this reaction is thermodynamically limited above 600 C. Therefore, the reaction required high pressure about (10-30 bar) to fill-in the equilibrium for growing feasible yields of SWCNTs. , , Magrez et al. established possibility of growing high quality of MWCNTs when added stoichiometric amounts of CO2 and C2H2 by CCVD at 400 C . The solid carbon formation happens by oxidative dehydrogenation of acetylene as a substitute of dehydrogenation or pyrolysis. Thermodynamically, the reaction of CO2 addition is favorable. While numerous reaction paths are feasible, the solid carbon formation accompanying with CO and H2 is favored. It is quite clear now also possible to accomplish the attained knowledge to discover reaction conditions which gives the greatest solid carbon formation to obtain highest CNTs yield.Figure 3. Thermodynamic data calculated with the ChemKin database. a) Gibbs free energies of formation for various carbon precursors. The energies are normalized to the number of carbon atoms in the precursor and correspond to its pyrolysis. b) Gibbs free energies of typical reactions CO disproportionation, body of water gas shift, oxidative dehydrogenation of acetylene, and pyrolysis of ethyl alcohol. The energies are normalized to the number of solid carbon atoms.2.3. Carbon Precursor for Catalytic Chemical Vapor DepositionThe carbon precursor plays an important role in the growth, characteristics and properties of CNTs, because of their own binding energy, type and role of reactive groups and thermodynamic properties. Concerning gaseous carbon precursors, the CNTs growth efficiency depends strongly on the concentration and reactivity of gas phase intermediates produced simultaneously with reactive radical species as a result of hydrocarbon pyrolysis. Therefore, it is expected that the most capable intermediates, which have the ability of physisorption or chemisorption on the catalyst surface to initiate CNTs growth, suppose to be produced in the gas phase. A comparison of produced CNT characterizations showed that there is a relationship between c hemical structures of hydrocarbons and the CNTs formation 5,7,17,49,62,64,7477. Hernadi et al. 49 affirmed that unsaturated hydrocarbons have much higher(prenominal) yield and deposition rate than saturated gases. Besides, saturated hydrocarbon gases manage to produce highly graphitized filaments with fewer walls compared to unsaturated gases. Consequently, they suggested that saturated hydrocarbons are favored for SWCNTs growth and unsaturated hydrocarbons for MWCNTs. However, SWCNTs have been obtained from a highly diluted unsaturated hydrocarbon 10,19,23,38,40,47,75,76,78,79. The growth of clean SWCNTs was observed at relatively low temperatures using alcohols with various catalysts 19,25,30,64,8185. The authors concluded that alcohols are much better carbon sources for SWNTs than hydrocarbons and this is likely due to the ability attributed to OH radicals to etch away amorphous carbon deposits.General experiences show that low temperature CVD about 600900C grow MWCNTs, while hig h temperature at 9001200C reaction favors utilizing SWCNTs. The results indicate that SWCNTs have a higher energy of formation due to small diameter and high curvature which tolerate the high strain energy. Therefore, SWCNTs grow from only selected hydrocarbons such as carbon monoxide, and methane which have an equitable stability at higher temperature, whereas common effective precursor for MWCNTs such as acetylene, benzene, and xylene are unstable at higher temperature which lead to deposit a large step of amorphous carbon.Hata et al. synthesized a highly efficient of impurity-free SWCNTs by water assisted ethylene on substrate in CVD method (Hata et al., 2004). It was reported that controllable rate of steam into the CVD reactor operated as mild oxidizer leads to selective remove of amorphous carbon without harmful the CNTs growth. Controlling relative rate of ethylene and water steam was essential to minimize catalysts poison. These studies ascertain prove that carbon precursor s play an important part in CNTs growth. Thus, by accurate selection of carbon precursor and water vapor rate, not only the catalysts lifetime but also CNTs growth could be crucially maximized and then both quality and yield of CNTs could be improved.Hydrocarbons such as carbon monoxide, methane, ethylene, acetylene, benzene, and xylene are typically the most commonly used CNT precursors. Among the essentially experiences of synthesis CNTs by CVD technique are that MWCNTs ware grown from the decomposition of benzene at 1100C and acetylene at 700C . Both of these reports were used push nanoparticles as the catalyst. As well as, MWCNTs were also grown from many other hydrocarbon precursors including cyclohexane and fullerene . As well as, MWNTs were utilized from supercritical toluene at 600 C and using ferrocene as growth catalysts, the toluene serves not only as the carbon source for nanotube formation but also as the solvent.On the other hand, synthesis of high purity SWCNTs at low temperature was reported when Fe-Co supported on zeolite utilized as a catalyst in alcoholic CVD and since then, ethanol consider as the most common universal CNTs precursor in the CVD method. Particular aspect of ethanol for growing CNTs with nearly free from amorphous carbon due to the effect of OH radical which operate as the mild oxidizer. Afterward, vertically aligned SWCNTs were grown as well on Mo-Co supported on surface silicon substrate. Lately, the articles have been shown discontinuous supply rates of acetylene to ethanol CVD apparently assists ethanol to increase the catalytic activity and therefore enhances the CNTs growth rate. asunder from the well-defined chemical reagents described above, CNTs have also been successfully and systematically synthesized from domestic fuels such as kerosene (Pradhan et al., 2002), liquefied petroleum gas (Qian et al., 2002) and coal gas (Qiu et al., 2006).

Developing Countries’ Healthcare Systems

Developing Countries Healthcare SystemsQuestion Global livestock in the recent past suspended the funding to Uganda government citing double-dyed(a) pecuniary defalcation especially by Ministry of health officials. As a financial consultant, identify and discuss the practices and policies that could have led to this financial loss and suggest both internal and external checkers that should be put in place to minimize the reoccurrence of such scenarios.IntroductionDeveloping countries healthcare systems are often funded by the donors grants in do-gooder to humans silver from the governmental budgets. But in some slipperinesss, these funds may be mismanaged and this could lead to heavy financial losses hence depriving its beneficiaries. The misdirection of those funds may take different forms misspending, fraudulent misappropriation or embezzlement (The Global breed To Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria).In this essay, we review the content of Uganda where The Global F und To Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria in 2005 suspended the countrys funding following a release of an audit report that showed take in mis wariness of funds that were supposed to support the government of Uganda in its efforts to tackle AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria (Kapiriri Martin, 2006).The practices and policies that could have led to this mismanagement and embezzlement are identified and discussed unitedly with the control measures, both internal and external, that should be undertaken to prevent such financial diversion in the future.2. Practices and policies that could have led to financial mismanagementThe problem of financial resources mismanagement seems to be widespread not only in developing countries but also in developed ones (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 1997). several(prenominal) inadequate practices and policies are reportedly involved in the occurrence of this problem.2. a. Non-existing clear financial norms and regulations/n one compliance to financial norms and regulationsThe lack of clear norms and regulations to provide way to those involved in the management of financial resources can create a way for them to mismanage the funds that they are supposed to manage.Taking into consideration the case of Uganda, the lack of clear norms and regulations on how funds would have been used possibly created a financial managerial chaos that facilitated those who were in the positions of funds management, at separately level of administrative ladder, to misappropriate or misuse them.On the other hand, financial norms and regulations mightiness have been in place but probably the management team, at different levels, was not compliant with them.2. b. Lack of transparency in administrative hierarchy, roles and responsibilitiesUndefined organisational and reporting structure, unclear roles and responsibilities among members of various teams involved in funds management might also have created managerial disorder which led to lack of financial reputationability.2. c. Poor communicationPoor communication among members of different teams might also have been a key out factor in funds financial management failure. Possibly, teams did not share key project documents about funds management for reviews before being released as official documents. Further, they might not have coordination forums in which they should have discussed financial issues with key stakeholders in the implementation of the projects.2. d. managerial incompetence and unskilled financial/accountant officersIncompetence in the management of funds and implementing the planned activities might also have led to the above financial loss. Financial procedures might not have been observed, this might have been the results of incompetent managers coupled with unskilled financial officers and accountants.Further, according to Global Funds 2009 pip of the Inspector General report on Lessons learnt from the country audits and reviews undertaken, Ugandas case, Principle Recipient management of hacek-Recipient was poor as was shown by evidences in the report and this was one of the issues that the grant was suspended.Stating the same source, there were poor internal controls at different levels either at Principle Recipient level or at Sub Recipient level as was evidenced by the report. For example, some amount of money estimated at 4,939,497 US dollars were not accounted for, adequate supporting documents for several transactions were missing, work plan and budgets were not abode by which resulted in several expenses not related to the programmatic budget and work plan. In addition, records related to the expenses like books of account were not properly kept. There were also cases of unsupported expenses and when supporting documents were found, they were actually counterfeit.It is reported that professional financial management necessitates impeccable financial and auditing tools. Deficiency in financial supe rvision and control mechanisms leads to financial mismanagement like diversion or misappropriation of funds (Mobegi et al, 2012).2. e. Lack of active involvement of some key stakeholdersAccording to Kapiriri and Martins (2006), one of the reported possible causes of mismanagement of Global Fund grants in Uganda was low levels of civil society participation. According to Global Funds requirements for grant eligibility, the participation of various stakeholders in the decision making is of paramount importance. But in Uganda, it was reported that part of key stakeholders, including civil society, who were supposed to be represented in boorish Coordinating Mechanisms were not either involved or were lacking the capacity to provide meaningful inputs (Kapiriri Martins (2006).3. Internal and external controls that should be put in place to minimize the reoccurrence of such scenariosIt is stated that there is one common thing in all businesses either in public or private businesses To be successful, they must control their operations. This means hiring the right people, pay them the right amount of salaries, order and receive the right products and services, etc (Libby et al, 2009).To carry out this, it is important to establish and comply with specific procedures and policies which describe how the business should be run. These specific procedures and policies are controls which can be either internal or external. This theory is applied to the case under discussion.3.1. Internal controlsInternal controls are defined as set of methods an organisation puts in place in order to nourish the theft of its assets, ensure the accounting information is reliable, boost effective and efficient operations, and ascertain that applicable laws, regulations and codes of ethics are complied with (Libby et al, 2009).For the case of Uganda, given the shortcomings that were identified, internal control mechanisms should be enhanced and set to target them. The internal measures wou ld includeRegular compliance audits these audits would ascertain that the specific procedures, rules or regulations-set out by Global Fund and as described in grant agreement-to ensure the good management of grants are observed at every level of the management.Regular operational audits these audits would subscribe all operating procedures at all management levels in order to measure their performance in terms of effectiveness and efficiency. According to Hayes et al (2005), operational audits are not only limited to financial issues, they might also put more emphasis on other areas of the organisation structure, working(a) approaches alike or other areas where evaluation is needed.Regular audits of financial statements these audits would analyse the financial statements to ensure that they are accurate and in accordance with set criteria.Involving stakeholders in decision making process and enhanced communication The involvement of stakeholders and improved decision making proce ss concerning the implementation of Global Fund programmes could have been a cornerstone in the prevention of grants mismanagement. It is argued that if legitimate and fair decision making process were used, the suspension of grants could have been averted (Kapiriri Martins (2006).Given that the poor communication between members of Country Coordinating Mechanism (CCM) was cited among the causes of grant mismanagement in Uganda, enhanced communication within CCM and with other stakeholders would be equally important in preventing such gross financial loss.3.2. External controlsTo minimise opportunities for grants mismanagement in the future, external control mechanisms should also be enhanced. These includeGlobal Fund should conduct regular and well-timed(a) audits and reviews to ensure that the set guidelines for the management of its grants are observed.Independent auditors should be appointed and conduct audits on different levels of grants management. It is recommended by the Global Fund Office of the examiner general that the external audit reports should be submitted to Global Fund not later than six months after the period to be audited ( Global Fund, 2009).Global Fund should update its guidelines regarding the management of grants to fill the gaps when they are identified.4. ConclusionProper Global Fund grants management is crucial in fighting against AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria whose mortality and morbidity evaluate are still unacceptably high in developing countries. Government of Global Fund-supported countries have the mandate to ensure that the grants are used in accordance with the set guidelines and the agreements signed between them and the Global Fund. Thus, this will avoid grants mismanagement or embezzlement cases and consequently reduce mortality and morbidity rates due to the above mentioned diseases.